Kalmar "mesolithic" tana nufin lokaci na prehistoric tsakanin zamanin Paleolithic (Tsohon Dutsen Dutse) da Neolithic (Sabon Zamanin Dutse), yawanci kwanan wata daga kusan 10,000 zuwa 6,000 KZ. A lokacin Mesolithic, mutane sun fara ƙaura daga salon noma zuwa mafi zaman lafiya, tare da haɓaka aikin noma da kiwon dabbobi. Kalmar "mesolithic" a zahiri tana nufin "dutse na tsakiya" kuma yana nufin amfani da kayan aikin dutse da makamai a wannan lokacin, waɗanda suka fi waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a lokacin Paleolithic.