Kalmar "Shigella" tana nufin wani nau'in kwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da nau'in kamuwa da kwayar cutar da aka fi sani da shigellosis ko kuma bacillary dysentery. Kwayoyin cutar Shigella galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin hanjin mutane da sauran dabbobin daji, kuma galibi suna yaduwa ta hanyar fecal-baki, kamar ta hanyar shan gurɓataccen abinci ko ruwa, ko ta hanyar kusanci da masu kamuwa da cuta. Shigellosis yana da alamun bayyanar cututtuka kamar gudawa (yawanci yana dauke da jini da ƙumburi), ciwon ciki, zazzaɓi, da amai, kuma yana iya zama rashin lafiya mai tsanani, musamman ga yara ƙanana, manya, da masu raunin garkuwar jiki.