Jamhuriyar Nicaragua ƙasa ce da ke tsakiyar Amurka, tana iyaka da Honduras daga arewa, Costa Rica a kudu, Tekun Pasifik a yamma, da Tekun Caribbean a gabas. Kalmar “jamhuriya” tana nufin tsarin mulki wanda zaɓaɓɓun wakilan jama’a ke riƙe da ikon siyasar ƙasar maimakon ta sarki ko wani mai sarauta. Don haka jamhuriyar Nicaragua kasa ce da ke aiki a karkashin mulkin dimokuradiyya inda aka mika mulki a hannun zababbun jami'an da jama'a suka zaba.