Tafkin Tanganyika wani tafki ne da ke a gabashin Afirka, yana iyaka da Burundi, Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango, Tanzaniya, da Zambia. Ita ce tafki mafi zurfi na biyu a duniya, tare da matsakaicin zurfin mita 1,470 (ƙafa 4,820) kuma mafi girma na biyu da girma. An yi imanin sunan "Tanganyika" ya samo asali ne daga kalmomin "tanga," ma'anar jirgin ruwa, da "nyika," ma'ana jeji, a cikin Swahili. Don haka, ma'anar ƙamus na "Lake Tanganyika" zai zama "babban tafkin ruwa a gabashin Afirka, wanda aka sani da zurfinsa da girma, yana iyaka da Burundi, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Tanzaniya, da Zambia."