James Abraham Garfield shi ne shugaban Amurka na 20, wanda ya yi aiki daga ranar 4 ga Maris, 1881 har zuwa lokacin da aka kashe shi a ranar 19 ga Satumba, 1881. An haife shi a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 1831 a Orange Township, Ohio, kuma lauya ne. soja, kuma dan siyasa. Kafin shugabancinsa, Garfield ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Wakilan Amurka daga gunduma ta 19 ta Ohio. An san shi da gagarumin goyon bayan yancin jama'a da sake fasalin ilimi. An kashe Garfield ne watanni shida kacal a kan shugabancinsa ta hannun wani mai neman ofishi mai suna Charles J. Guiteau wanda ya fusata.