Babban bankin tarayya shine tsarin babban bankin Amurka, wanda ke da alhakin tsara manufofin kudin kasar, sa ido da sarrafa bankuna, da samar da ayyukan kudi ga gwamnati da cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi. An kafa shi a cikin 1913 ta Dokar Reserve ta Tarayya, kuma ta ƙunshi Bankunan Reserve na yanki goma sha biyu, Kwamitin Gwamnoni, da Kwamitin Kasuwancin Buɗaɗi na Tarayya. Babban bankin tarayya yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da daidaiton tattalin arzikin Amurka da tsarin hada-hadar kudi, kuma galibi ana kiransa "Fed" a takaice.