Ma'anar ƙamus na kalmar "sashen tarayya" yana nufin reshe ko yanki na gwamnatin ƙasa da ke da alhakin gudanar da takamaiman ayyuka ko ayyuka a matakin tarayya. A Amurka, alal misali, sassan tarayya wani bangare ne na reshen zartarwa kuma suna da alhakin gudanarwa da aiwatar da dokoki da ka'idoji a cikin takamaiman wuraren da suke da alhakin, kamar Sashen Noma, Ma'aikatar Tsaro, Ma'aikatar Ilimi, da sauransu. kan. A wasu ƙasashe masu tsarin gwamnatin tarayya, ma'aikatun tarayya na iya kasancewa a matakin ƙasa don aiwatar da takamaiman ayyuka ko ayyuka.