Hanyar gwaji tana nufin hanyar kimiyya don gwada hasashe ko ka'idar ta hanyar gudanar da gwaje-gwajen da aka tsara don tattarawa da tantance bayanai cikin tsari. Ya ƙunshi sarrafa ɗaya ko fiye masu canji masu zaman kansu da auna tasirin su akan ɗaya ko fiye masu dogaro da ke ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa. Manufar hanyar gwaji ita ce kafa alaƙa-da-sakamako tsakanin masu canji ta hanyar sarrafa duk wasu abubuwan da za su iya shafar sakamakon gwajin. Wannan hanya ana amfani da ita sosai a fannin kimiyyar dabi'a, ilimin zamantakewa, da sauran fannonin bincike da dama.