Ma'anar ƙamus na jumlar "sana'ar tattalin arziki" tana nufin ƙungiyar mutane masu aiki a fagen tattalin arziki a matsayin masu bincike, malamai, masu aiki, ko masu tsara manufofi. Wannan rukunin yawanci ya ƙunshi daidaikun mutane waɗanda ke da horo na musamman da ilimi a cikin nazarin ka'idar tattalin arziki, ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, da fannoni masu alaƙa. Sana'ar tattalin arziki tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsara manufofin jama'a, nazarin yanayin tattalin arziki da yanayi, da haɓaka ra'ayoyi da samfuri don bayyana halayen tattalin arziki. Membobin sana'ar tattalin arziki na iya aiki a wurare daban-daban, ciki har da jami'o'i, hukumomin gwamnati, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, tankunan tunani, da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu.