Ma'anar ƙamus na "tsarin bincike" yana nufin hanyar likita ko kimiyya da ake amfani da ita don gano cuta, yanayi, ko matsala a cikin majiyyaci ko tsarin. Ya ƙunshi jerin gwaje-gwaje, dubawa, da gwaje-gwaje don tattara bayanai da kuma cimma matsaya game da musabbabin lamarin. Hanyoyin bincike na iya haɗawa da gwaje-gwajen jiki, gwaje-gwajen hoto, gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, da sauran ƙididdiga waɗanda ke ba da bayanai don taimakawa wajen gano rashin lafiya ko yanayi. Manufar hanyar bincike ita ce gano ainihin musabbabin matsalar, ta yadda za a iya ba da shawarar magani ko kulawa da ya dace.