Kwamitin Tsaron Jiha, wanda aka fi sani da KGB, shi ne babbar hukumar tsaro da leƙen asirin Tarayyar Soviet daga 1954 har zuwa rugujewarta a 1991. Kalmar “kwamiti” a wannan mahallin tana nufin ƙungiyar mutane da aka naɗa. ko zaɓaɓɓu don yin takamaiman aiki ko aiki, a wannan yanayin, don kiyaye tsaro da kwanciyar hankali na ƙasar Soviet. KGB ita ce ke da alhakin gudanar da ayyukan leƙen asiri, da hana haƙƙin sirri, da ayyukan tsaro na cikin gida, kuma an san ta da dabarun rashin tausayi da murkushe masu adawa.