Kalmar “chromosomal” sifa ce da ke nufin wani abu mai alaƙa ko alaƙa da chromosomes. Chromosomes su ne ginshiƙai da ake samu a cikin tsakiya na sel waɗanda ke ɗauke da kwayoyin halitta ta hanyar DNA.Saboda haka, idan muka yi amfani da kalmar "chromosomal" don kwatanta wani abu, yana nufin cewa yana da alaƙa da ko rinjayar shi. tsari ko adadin chromosomes. Misali, rashin daidaituwa na chromosomal yana nufin canje-canje ko rashin daidaituwa a cikin tsari ko adadin chromosomes, wanda zai iya haifar da cuta ko cututtuka. Hakazalika, bincike na chromosomal tsari ne na bincikar chromosomes don gano duk wani rashin daidaituwa ko maye gurbi wanda zai iya shafar lafiyar mutum ko ci gabansa.