Ma'anar ƙamus na kalmar "cellular division" yana nufin tsarin tsarin kwayar halitta guda ɗaya zuwa kashi biyu ko fiye. Wannan wani muhimmin tsari ne na rayuwa wanda ya zama dole don girma da haifuwar dukkan halittu masu rai. Rarrabewar kwayar halitta na iya faruwa ta hanyoyi guda biyu: mitosis, wanda shine tsarin rarraba tsakiya na tantanin halitta don samar da kwayoyin 'ya'ya mata guda biyu, da kuma meiosis, wanda shine tsarin rarraba tsakiya na kwayar halitta don samar da 'ya'ya mata hudu da rabi. kwayoyin halitta na mahaifa cell.