Ma'anar ƙamus na "cutar mafitsara" yana nufin duk wani yanayin likita da ya shafi aikin mafitsara. Rikicin mafitsara na iya haifar da alamu iri-iri kamar rashin natsuwa, wahalar zubar mafitsara, yawan fitsari, da zafi ko rashin jin daɗi yayin fitsari. Wasu misalan na yau da kullun na rashin lafiyar mafitsara sun haɗa da cututtukan urinary fili, cystitis interstitial, mafitsara mai yawan aiki, kansar mafitsara, da duwatsun mafitsara. Maganin ciwon mafitsara ya dogara ne akan abin da ke faruwa kuma yana iya haɗawa da magunguna, canje-canjen salon rayuwa, da kuma a wasu lokuta, tiyata.