Ilimin halayyar halayyar ɗabi'a makaranta ce ta ilimin halin dan Adam da ke jaddada rawar da muhalli ke takawa wajen tsara ɗabi'a. Wannan tsarin kula da ilimin halin dan Adam yana tabbatar da cewa ana koyan dabi'a da farko ta hanyar muhalli, kuma ya kamata binciken halayyar ya mayar da hankali kan halayen da ake iya gani da aunawa maimakon hanyoyin tunani na ciki. Masu dabi'ar dabi'a sun yi imanin cewa duk wani hali shine mayar da martani ga abubuwan motsa jiki a cikin yanayi, kuma ana iya siffata da kuma gyara halayen ta hanyar ƙarfafawa, azabtarwa, da sauran abubuwan muhalli. Halayyar yawanci ana danganta shi da aikin masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam kamar John Watson, B.F. Skinner, da Ivan Pavlov, waɗanda ke da tasiri wajen haɓaka ƙa'idodin wannan hanyar.