Kalmar "archaebacteria" tsohuwar rarrabuwa ce ga ƙungiyar prokaryotic kwayoyin halitta waɗanda suka bambanta da kwayoyin cuta kuma galibi ana kiran su "archaea." Kalmar “archaebacteria” ba a ƙara yin amfani da ita a fannin ilimin kimiyya na zamani kuma an maye gurbinsu da kalmar “archaea.”Archaea kwayoyin halitta ne guda ɗaya waɗanda girmansu da siffarsu suke da ƙwayoyin cuta amma suna da bambancin ƙwayoyin cuta. da halayen biochemical. Ana samun su a wurare da dama, ciki har da matsanancin yanayi kamar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, tudun gishiri, da magudanar ruwa mai zurfi a cikin teku. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyin sun haɗa da methanogens, halophiles, da thermophiles, da sauransu. Methanogens wani nau'i ne na archaea wanda ke samar da iskar methane a matsayin abin da ke haifar da metabolism, yayin da halophiles su ne archaea da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai gishiri, kuma thermophiles archaea ne wanda ke bunƙasa a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi.Gaba ɗaya, the kalmar "archaebacteria" ta tsufa kuma ba a saba amfani da ita a cikin adabin kimiyya na zamani, domin ba ta daidai da dangantakar juyin halitta da bambancin kwayoyin halitta na wadannan kwayoyin halitta.