(1) The overall conformational energy of a molecular system is presented as the sum of van-der-Waals interactions, electrostatic interactions, and torsion energies.

(2) Of all molluscan clades, only the gastropods undergo torsion .

(3) In the human lumbar spine their angulation limits torsion , at a single intervertebral joint, to about 30.

(4) A deeper characterization of a helix is that it is the unique curve in 3-space for which the ratio of curvature to torsion is a constant, a result known as Lancret's Theorem.

(5) As the cantilever executes small torsion resonant oscillations by twisting about its long axis, the cantilever's free end and the AFM tip rotate a very small angle about that axis.

(6) The downward shift is attributed to a decrease of the bond order of C 13 = C 14 due to its torsion .

(7) The columellar location of the gastropod retractor muscle is thought to be an effect of torsion .

(8) The VVA team leaned toward using self-piercing rivets to join components, but after testing the method under impacts and torsion loads found that the rivets alone wouldn't be enough.

(9) And, yes, the frame is a whole lot stiffer than the predecessor: 2.5 times better in bending, and 2.8 times better in torsion .

(10) As only library rotamers are used for heavy atom conformers, these are near torsion minima and their torsion energies are set to zero.

(11) Perhaps the length of the girdle elements was designed precisely to prevent and dampen torsion while making the most of the relatively small vertical motions possible with a lizard-like leg structure.

(12) Axial, shear, and torsion stresses were relatively low compared with bending stresses for both species.

(13) Our few preserved large bronze statues make a striking contrast to the many extant statuettes, whose complex movements and marked torsion make them strongly three-dimensional.

(14) The combination of hinge teeth with a cementing habit is interpreted as a defense strategy inhibiting torsion of the valves as well as manipulation of the animal as a whole.

(15) We have indicated that the salt-bridge stretching mechanism involves solely reorientation of the positively charged polarized bonds due to torsion of the polyene chain at the linkage to Lys - 296.

(16) The major reason for this was that the barrier joints were weak in torsion and when impacted by a vehicle, instead of sliding over, the barrier pitched allowing the vehicle to readily ride up the side.

(17) Some species reverse torsion , but evidence of having passed through a twisted phase can be seen in the anatomy of these forms.

(18) Hydrophobic interactions and other geometrically nonspecific interactions are lumped together and modeled using effective torsion , v, and H-bond to solvent, u, energy terms.

(19) They also questioned the relationship between torsion and muscle scar position by noting that retractor muscles form after torsion on at least some gastropods.

(20) This situation rather suggests that the fluorescence spectrum is an ensemble average over molecules with different degrees of torsion .