(1) All flies pass through four life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.

(2) The adult flea is an excellent jumper passing through a complete life cycle consisting of egg, larva, pupa and adult.

(3) When a male molts from a larva to a pupa , the horns evert, unfold, and stretch out to their full shape and length - not unlike extending a collapsed telescope.

(4) The three stages of the ancestral insect species - pronymph, nymph and adult - are proposed to be equivalent to the larva, pupa and adult stages of insects with complete metamorphosis.

(5) Insect pupae have all of the major structures of the adult, and most of these structures have already reached their final dimensions.

(6) The type of pupation site selected by larvae also affects pupal survival of D. melanogaster.

(7) Ovaries from late fifth instar larvae and pupae were used for initiating the cell cultures.

(8) Emerged adult Axarus and shed pupal exuviae were removed from the trap daily.

(9) The number of clutches of eggs, larvae in each instar, pupae , and new adults emerging in the next generation were recorded.

(10) Testes were dissected in Schneider's Drosophila media from larvae, pupae , or adults.

(11) Once in New York, the eggs hatch into larvae, molt into pupae , and finally emerge as adults, ready to take on the Big Apple.

(12) The house fly has complete metamorphosis: egg, larvae, pupae and adult.

(13) Parasitoids overwinter as pupae in mines within fallen leaves.

(14) They control everything from when animals sleep, wake, and are most alert, to when an insect emerges from its pupal case or a flower produces nectar.

(15) Other invertebrates survive dry periods by remaining in the pond substrate as eggs, pupae , or aestivating adults.

(16) These snakes feed on smaller prey - the larvae, pupae , and adults of ants and termites - and they do so remarkably fast.

(17) Red stripe appears as a diffuse stripe of pigment on the dorsum of larvae and pupae and is variable in expressivity and penetrance.

(18) Around her were tiny, silver eggs, chubby larvae, and pupae folded like mummies inside translucent cases.

(19) At the end of each experiment the males were individually housed until pupae emerged from all parasitized males.

(20) Total RNA was isolated from third instar larvae, pupae , adult body, and adult head by TRIZOL reagent.