(1) The kremlin was established in the 11th century and is one of the earliest to have stone defences.

(2) Cities such as Moscow, Novgorod, Pskov, and Yaroslavl grew around the old fortresses ( kremlins ) and monasteries that formed their centers and near the gates where artisans and traders peddled their goods.

(3) In Washington, the government veils itself ever further inside the folds of ÔÇÿnational security,ÔÇÖ as federal buildings look increasingly like kremlins .