(1) Male spikelets are on separate individuals, in small bracteate heads 1-2 cm in diameter.

(2) Even though a continuum was observed between the ÔÇÿtrueÔÇÖ leaves and bracts , for simplicity all primordia bearing an axillary flower were considered as a bract.

(3) Female inflorescences are terminal, solitary or in spikes, racemes or capitula, short, bracteate , with crowded flowers, often pendulous in fruit.

(4) What we think are flowers are actually brightly hued leaf bracts .

(5) It has white flowers in a whorled, bracteate raceme, no spathe, roots with tubers.

(6) In addition to a terminal flower there may be several smaller lateral flowers in the axil of cupular bracts , each surrounded by its own small cupule.

(7) Flowers are generally borne solitarily in leaf axils or in inflorescences subtended by bracts , but some taxa are ebractate.

(8) They are a variety of the preceding, but of smaller size and with the bracteate leaves dull red.

(9) Grasses and bamboos are known to have large deposits of silica in the tissues of leaf blades and inflorescence bracts .